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Energy Geopolitics and Future of Russian Oil and Gas Export
Kînstantin Simonov’s speech presentation at the Petroleum Ingineering Summer School «Production Operations - Surface Facilities for Transport, Water Handling and Discharge».
Dubrovnic, Croatia, June 18, 2009.
Economic Crisis: Short Term Respite Economic Crisis will reduce the consumption of fossil fuel – but only in 2009-2010 Three main reasons of future “energy starvation” Population growth Reducing of investment to upstream in turning-point - when there is a special need in its increasing Toughening of environmental challenges Expectations of Growing Energy Consumption Forecast of Energy Consumption (bn tones of oil equivalent) Region 2006 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 OECD 5,983 6,010 6,248 6,468 6,671 6,886 North America 3,002 2,998 3,116 3,225 3,356 3,507 Europe 2,020 2,035 2,099 2,176 2,228 2,272 Asia 0,958 0,978 1,035 1,067 1,087 1,104 Non-OECD 5,713 6,569 7,403 8,277 9,104 9,903 Europe and Eurasia 1,255 1,337 1,426 1,493 1,535 1,567 Asia 2,911 3,446 4,040 4,710 5,332 5,931 Middle East 0,589 0,686 0,750 0,797 0,856 0,933 Africa 0,359 0,401 0,438 0,473 0,510 0,540 Central and South America 0,599 0,700 0,750 0,804 0,871 0,933 Total World 11,693 12,582 13,651 14,745 15,775 16,790
Impacts of Crisis on Energy Production Reducing of investment to greenfields: they are profitable at $ 75 per barrel ( shelf or bituminous sand in Canada ) + d epletion of main world fields Alternative energy generation is in trouble (e.g. bankruptcy of some ethanol producers in Brazil) Possible radical change of the situation on oil and gas market: from market of consumers to market of suppliers. Growing consumption – declining production Cheap Oil = Lack of Investment 2010? 2011?
Demand for oil and gas will recurs At the same time we will face the depletion of old fields while new ones are undeveloped.
Company CAPEŐ (2008, Billion dollars) Royal Dutch/Shell 35,2 Gazprom 27,2 Petrochina 26,0 BP 22,4 ConocoPhillips 19,1 Chevron 18,9 ExxonMobil 18,6 Eni 18,5
Source: Bloomberg
Structure of Primary Energy Production (2006) Oil 36% Coal 28% Natural gas 24% Nuclear 6% Hydro 6%
Source: Russian Academy of Sciense
Realistic Forecast? Structure of Primary Energy Production (2030) Liquids 32% Natural gas 23% Coal 28% Nuclear 6% Renewables 11%
Source: EIA
The World will Still Belong to Oil and Gas Price Terrorism Environ-ment Availability for Europe Biofuel ? :-( Coal :-( :-( Solar, wind and other renewables L ? Nuclear :-( :-( :-(
Myths about Nuclear Source: BP energy Outlook 2009
World of Upstream and World of Downstream 0,6% Azerbaijan 0,6% Norway 0.9% Mexico 1% Algeria 1% Brasil 1.1% Angola 1.2% China 2.2% Qatar 2,3% Canada 2,4% US 2.9% Nigeria 3.2% Kazakhstan 3.5% Libya 6.3% Russian Federation 7.8% United Arab Emirates 7.9% Venezuela 8,1% Kuwait 9,0% Iraq 10.9% Iran 21% Saudi Arabia Oil: Consumption Top-20 Oil: Proved Reserves. Top-20 1,1% 0,4% Belgium & Luxembourg 20 1,2% 0,8% Netherlands 19 1,3% 5,0% Singapore 18 1,3% -4,8% Taiwan 17 2,0% -2,5% Spain 16 2,0% -1,0% United Kingdom 15 2,1% -3,9% Italy 14 2,1% 2,1% Iran 13 2,3% 0,5% Mexico 12 2,3% 0,7% France 11 2,6% -1,0% Canada 10 2,6% -4,9% South Korea 9 2,7% 8,1% Saudi Arabia 8 2,7% 5,3% Brazil 7 3,0% 4,9% Germany 6 3,3% 3,1% Russian Federation 5 3,4% 4,8% India 4 5,6% -3,5% Japan 3 9,6% 3,3% China 2 22,5% -6,4% US 1 Source: BP energy Outlook 2009 World of Upstream and World of Downstream 0.9% Canada 20 1% Kuwait 19 1% Kazakhstan 18 1.2% Egypt 17 1.3% Indonesia 16 1.3% China 15 1.4% Australia 14 1.6% Norway 13 1.7% Iraq 12 1.7% Indonesia 11 2.4% Algeria 10 2.6% Venezuela 9 2.8% Nigeria 8 3.5% United Arab Emirates 7 3.5% US 6 4.1% Saudi Arabia 5 4.3% Turkmenistan 4 13.8% Qatar 3 16% Iran 2 23.4% Russian Federation 1 Natural gas: Consumption. Top-20 Natural gas: Proved Reserves. Top-20 1,3% 11,5% Indonesia 20 1,3% 3,9% Netherlands 19 1,3% 10,7% Spain 18 1,3% 2,8% South Korea 17 1,4% 3,0% India 16 1,5% 3,7% France 15 1,5% 1,0% Argentina 14 1,6% 5,9% Uzbekistan 13 2,0% -5,0% Ukraine 12 2,2% 6,2% Mexico 11 2,6% -0,4% Italy 10 2,6% 4,7% Saudi Arabia 9 2,7% 15,8% China 8 2,7% -1,3% Germany 7 3,1% 3,6% Japan 6 3,1% 3,0% United Kingdom 5 3,3% 3,2% Canada 4 3,9% 3,8% Iran 3 13,9% -1,6% Russian Federation 2 22,0% 0,6% US 1 Asia as a Driver of Energy Consumption World primary consumption grew by 1.4% in 2008, the slowest growth since 2001 But the Asian-Pacific region accounted for 87% of the world’s energy consumption growth. China accounted for nearly three quarter of global growth Non-OECD primary energy consumption exceed OECD consumption for the first time! Source: BP energy Outlook 2008 & 2009 China: first oil – than gas Traditional stake on coal: 56% in energy generation of India, 65% in energy generation in China Lack of Oil and Gas Reserves Forecast of economic growth is 7 -1 2 % D iagnostic : hydrocarbon starvation China import of oil was 186 mn tons “ Crusade” for Resourses Europe, China and India: the worst situation The most dramatic situation is with gas. Gas vs. oil : better environmental internals, less serious producers Struggle for the same territories: Central Asia, Russia, Iran, Africa Europe: main threat is the decline of domestic production China and India: main threat is the increasing of domestic consumption Now China is trying to buy countries. And what will be next? Europe in Gas Trap Source: Eurostat Europe vs. China Source:IEA
Russian Dilemma: Europe or China? Thank you!
Special report: Nord Stream 2 and Ukraine: Costs Should Decide Shale Revolution: Myths and Realities Liquefied Natural Gas Outlook: Expectations and Reality Lithium: New Energy Eldorado? West’s Latest Sanctions Decisions, Their Effect on Russian Oil and Gas Industry State regulation of the oil and gas sector in 2023, 2024 outlook Gazprom in the period of expulsion from the European market. Possible evolution of the Russian gas market amid impediments to exports New Logistics of Russian Oil Business Russia’s New Energy Strategy: on Paper and in Fact Outlook for Russian LNG Industry Russian Energy and West One Year after Ukraine Conflict Began: Are There Connections Still? All reports for: 2015 , 14 , 13 , 12 , 11 , 10 , 09 , 08 , 07